Indonesia’s forests are disappearing. What was once lush has now vanished. In 2013 alone Indonesia lost ±1.1 million hectares of natural forest. In other words, Indonesia loses three soccer fields every minute. What is the cause of this widespread deforestation in Indonesia? Where are the forests being cleared? Who are the actors behind all this? And just how are they clearing Indonesia’s forests? The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia stipulates, “The land, the waters and the natural resources within shall be under the powers of the State and shall be used to the greatest benefit of the people” (Article 33, paragraph 3), and “The organization of the national economy shall be conducted on the basis of economic democracy upholding the principles of togetherness, efficiency with justice, continuity, environmental perspective, self-sufficiency, and keeping a balance in the progress and unity of the national economy” (Article 33 paragraph 4). The follow-up questions are: Have Indonesia’s forests been used to the utmost benefit of the people of Indonesia, or only for the wealth of an elite few? Is development – for which forests have been greatly sacrificed – carried out in line with principles of democracy, unity, equality, and sustainability, and is it environmentally sound? Today, stories of Indonesia’s once majestic forest perhaps only remain in parts of eastern Indonesia in Maluku islands and Papua. But not even these forests are safe. Like Sumatera and Kalimantan islands, forests in eastern Indonesia are seeing incoming extractive industries and land-based investments that devour large swathes of land. It is in areas like these that natural forests are disappearing. To seek answers for questions regarding disappearing forests, this book is here to present facts and data, especially from North Sumatera, East Kalimantan and North Maluku. This book hopes to raise public awareness and concern to save what is left of the natural forests, especially in these three provinces, and for policy makers rethink and reform current forest governance systems. To ensure that the mandate of the Constitution is realized and remaining forests are protected in unity, justice, sustainability, sovereignty, and balance.